Takulandilani ku zida zolimbitsa thupi zaku China. Nawu mndandanda wa Malangizo 13 Apamwamba Musanayambe China Kuitanitsa Zida Zolimbitsa Thupi—OSATI KUGULA Musanawerenge Izi!
1. Mtengo Woitanitsa
Muyenera kupeza ndalama zonse zomwe muyenera kulipira musanayike oda ndi kampani yakunja. Izi zotengera zida za gym zitha kuphatikiza:
Muyenera kudziwa mtengo wolondola wololeza katundu wakunja kwa katundu womwe mukufuna kuitanitsa kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mudzafunikire kulipira pamayendedwe. Mudzafunikanso kupereka dziko limene katunduyo anachokera ndi mtengo wake (kupatulapo zotumiza) kuti muwerengere ndalama zoyenera kulipira.
Pomaliza, ngati mukugulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, mtengo wofikira ndi chinthu chofunikira pakuwerengera mtengo wotumizira. Mtengo wa Fell ndi mtengo wonse wotumizira zinthu padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza mtengo wogula, zolipirira zoyendera, kusintha ndalama, ntchito, ndi zina zilizonse zogwirizana nazo. Chifukwa cha mitundu yonse yosiyanasiyana, mtengo wofika ukhoza kukhala wovuta kudziwa, zomwe ndizomwe muyenera kuwona phindu lenileni lazinthu zanu.
Mukakhala ndi lingaliro la mtengo womaliza wa chinthucho, mudzatha kuwona ngati kuitanitsa kungakhale njira yotsika mtengo pabizinesi yanu yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pali zolipiritsa zambiri zomwe muyenera kulipira, kupitilira mtengo wagawo lililonse kuchokera kufakitale kutsidya kwa nyanja, ndipo izi zitha kuwonjezera. Mudzafuna kuti mubweze bwino pakubweza ndalama zonsezo zitaganiziridwa.
Ndibwino kuti mufunse akauntanti wanu, mlangizi wa bizinesi kapena broker wamakasitomu kuti awerengere mawerengedwe anu kuti atsimikizire kuti mwawerengera ndalama zonse zomwe mungafune.
2. Kuwerengera Misonkho ndi Ntchito
Terminology of import tax
Mawu akuti International Chamber of Commerce's (ICC) International Commercial Terms ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofotokoza mitengo kapena zinthu zokhudzana ndi zoopsa zokhudzana ndi kayendedwe ka katundu. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posayina mgwirizano ndi:
Potumiza pansi pa EXW, wogulitsa ali ndi udindo wopanga katunduyo ndikukonzekera kutumizidwa pamene akutuluka mufakitale. Wonyamula katundu kapena wonyamula katundu ali ndi udindo wotumiza kuchokera kulandirira katundu kunja kwa fakitale mpaka kumalo omaliza.
Mukatumiza pansi pa FOB, woperekayo ali ndi udindo wotumiza katundu ku doko lonyamula ndi kulowa m'chombo. Panthawiyi, udindowu umasamutsidwa kwa wotumiza katundu mpaka malo omaliza operekera.
Potumiza pansi pa CIF, wonyamulirayo amasamalira katundu ndi inshuwaransi yoyendera kupita ku doko lofika.
Ku China, bungwe la Maritime Transport ndilosankha kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, ma incoterms anayi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza kuchokera ku China ndi EXW; FOB; CFR ndi CIF. Kuti mudziwe mtengo ndi udindo wa gulu lirilonse lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi kutumiza kwa mayiko ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti incoterm ndi chiyani.
FOB kapena CIF?
Zambiri zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku China zimatumizidwa pansi pa ma incoterms omwewo, omwe ndi EXW kapena FOB ambiri. FOB imayamikiridwa makamaka ngati pali ubale wapamtima pakati pa ogulitsa ndi makampani oyendetsa galimoto omwe ali okonzeka kusamalira gawo loyamba la kutumiza (kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu kapena fakitale kupita ku POL). Maubale okhalitsa awa pakati pa ogulitsa ndi makampani akumaloko amathandizira kuti pakhale mitengo yopikisana kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, gawo ili lamayendedwe amayendetsedwa mwadongosolo ndi ogulitsa aku China.
Muyenera kusankha incoterms monga EXW kapena FOB, kumene (pafupifupi) zonse zomwe mwatumiza zidzasamalidwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi gulu la akatswiri odzipereka.
Ma incoterms awiriwa amabwera ndikunyamula kuchokera ku fakitale / nyumba yosungiramo zinthu (EXW) kapena ku doko lonyamuka (FOB), zomwe zimakumasulani kuudindo wolemetsa panthawi yamayendedwe.
3. Kuwerengera Misonkho
Kuchuluka kwa msonkho wochokera kunja ndi msonkho wapadziko lonse woperekedwa kumawerengedwa potengera mtengo kapena mtengo wa katundu wotumizidwa kunja, wotchedwa Duty Paying Value (DPV) ndipo zimatsimikiziridwa potengera mtengo wa katunduyo. Izi zikuphatikiza zolipirira zokhudzana ndi mayendedwe ndi ndalama za inshuwaransi pazogulitsa musanatsitse padoko lofikira padoko lanu.
Misonkho, monga VAT kapena CT, siyikuphatikizidwa pakutsimikiza kwa DPV. Mawu ena oyenera ndi Composite Assessable Price (CAP), omwe ndi ophatikiza DPV, msonkho wa kunja, ndi CT ngati kuli koyenera.
Njira zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa momwe DPV ndi CAP zimawerengedwera:
DPV = Mtengo wa katundu + Mtengo wa mayendedwe + Inshuwaransi yonyamula katundu
Mtengo wamtengo wapatali = DPV x Tariff rate
CAP = DPV + Duty = DPV x (1 + tariff rate)
VAT = CAP x VAT mlingo
Mwachitsanzo, tiyerekeze kuti kampani ya ku USA ikuitanitsa makina kuchokera ku Ntaifitness ndipo yasaina mgwirizano malinga ndi mitengo ya FOB. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zonse zotumizira ndi inshuwaransi zitha kutengedwa ndi wogula waku USA.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti udindo waukulu wa Commercial Fitness Equipment Manufacturer ndi kukweza makina (katundu) mu sitimayo yokonzedwa ndi wogula waku USA ndikuchotsa katundu pa kasitomu wokonzeka kutumizidwa kunja.
Kodi malamulo a Incoterms ndi ati?
Malamulo a Incoterms a ICC ndi mfundo zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pakugulitsa katundu. Kaya mukulemba fomu yogulira, kulongedza ndikulemba zolemba zonyamula katundu, kapena mukukonzekera satifiketi yochokera padoko, malamulo a Incoterms alipo kuti akuwongolereni. Malamulo a Incoterms amapereka chitsogozo chapadera kwa anthu omwe akutenga nawo gawo pakulowetsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi tsiku lililonse.
Kodi Incoterms imatanthauza chiyani?
Incoterms ndi chidule choyimira mawu amalonda wamba. Incoterms ndi chizindikiro cha International Chamber of Commerce, cholembetsedwa m'maiko angapo. Malamulo a Incoterms ali ndi chidule cha zikhalidwe, monga FOB ('Free on Board'), DAP ('Delivered at Place') EXW ('Ex Works'), CIP ('Carriage and Insurance Paid To'), zomwe zonse zili ndi tanthauzo lenileni la kugulitsa katundu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kusindikiza kwaposachedwa kwa malamulo a Incoterms ndi Incoterms 2010.
Incoterms 2010 ikhalabe ikugwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.
https://iccwbo.org/resources-for-business/incoterms-rules/incoterms-rules-2010/
4. Kutumiza Katundu kuchokera ku China: ndi Post, Courier, Air kapena Sea?
Ntchito zonyamula katundu panyanja kuchokera ku China: Njira yotsika mtengo. Ngakhale njira iyi imatha kutenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri (masiku 3-60 pa avareji kutengera komwe muli komanso komwe ikupita), iyi ndi njira yabwino yotumizira anthu omwe ali ndi katundu wambiri woti atumize ndipo ikhoza kukhala yabwino, kusankha kwachuma poganiza kuti mwadzipatsa nthawi yokwanira kudikirira kutumiza.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamayendedwe chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatha kunyamula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya katundu ndi kutumiza. Ndi mawonekedwe awa, mudzayeneranso kusamalira zololeza zamilandu ndi zolemba, ndipo zinthu zanu zikafika padoko, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungatulutsire kuchokera padoko kupita kumalo anu kapena nyumba yosungiramo zinthu.
Zonyamula zazikulu, zazikulu komanso zolemera kwambiri ndizofala pamtundu woterewu.
Kunyamula ndege kumangotenga masiku ochepa panjira ya ku Europe-Asia (mwachitsanzo, masiku 5-7 okha kuchokera ku China-UK khomo ndi khomo) pomwe nthawi yodutsayi imakwera mpaka mwezi umodzi panyanja (masiku 40-45 paulendo wapanyanja kupita ku China-UK, khomo ndi khomo).
5. Kodi Muyenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Freight Forwarder pa Ntchito Yanu Yotumiza?
Pali mitundu yonse ya othandizira otumiza omwe angasangalale kusaina ngati oyang'anira mayendedwe anu kuti atsimikizire kuti katundu wanu wafika komwe akupita mwachangu.
Ogulitsa ambiri osadziwa zambiri amalola wogulitsa kutumiza zonse ndikuwauza adilesi yotumizira ndi doko lomwe akuyenera kupitako, ndiyeno amalola wogulitsa kuti adziwe.
Izo zikhoza kukhala zabwino kapena zoipa. Ndizoyenera m'lingaliro lakuti ndi chinthu chimodzi chochepa chomwe muyenera kuda nkhawa nacho, koma chikhoza kukhala chovulaza chifukwa mutha kubweza ndalama zambiri potumiza.
Mumazichita Nokha?
Magulu ambiri akuluakulu asankha kusamalira zonse zotumizira mkati kuti athe kulamulira mokwanira ndondomekoyi komanso mtengo wotsiriza wogula katunduyo.
Nthawi zambiri amatha kusungitsa malo mwachindunji ndi ndege, makampani oyendetsa magalimoto, mayendedwe otumizira, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo amakumananso ndi zidziwitso za kasitomu m'maiko omwe akutumiza ndi kutumiza kunja.
Kusamalira zonsezi nokha kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri, makamaka ngati simukudziŵa bwino zomwe zimachitika kapena ndondomekoyi.
Inu ndithudi mukhoza kusankha njira iyi; komabe, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi njira yabwino yotsatirira dongosolo lanu ndikusamalira zinthu zosayembekezereka zomwe zimabwera.
Mufuna kuyang'ana ndi onyamula pafupipafupi ndikudziwa mafunso omwe mungafunse kuti mudziwe komwe katundu wanu ali komanso komwe akupita.
Ngati vuto libuka, muyenera kuthana ndi vutolo ndikuwona zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse zovuta zomwe zingakhudze bizinesi yanu kapena bajeti yanu.
Anthu ambiri amazindikira kuti alibe bandiwifi yothana ndi zonsezi ndipo amadziwa kuti nthawi yawo ndiyofunika kwambiri - ndipo mabizinesi ambiri alibe zida zoyesera kuthana ndi chilichonse okha.
6. Kodi Kupereka Khomo ndi Khomo Kumatanthauza Chiyani?
Kutumiza khomo ndi khomo ndiyo njira yodziwika komanso yosavuta yotumizira makasitomala. Pachifukwa ichi, kasitomala ali wopanda makonzedwe onse okhudzana ndi zotengera zonyamula katundu panyanja. Ndife omwe timayang'anira ntchito yonseyi, kuyambira ndikukweza chidebe potumiza kudoko mpaka kukafika komwe mukupita.
Ntchito za khomo ndi khomo ndizomwe zimakulolani kunyamula katundu wanu kuchokera kunkhokwe / fakitale / kunyumba kupita komwe mwagwirizana. Ntchitozi, zomwe zimatchedwanso 'zonse-mu' zothetsera mayendedwe zidzathandiza kasitomala aliyense kuyika katundu wake kwa katswiri kuti atumize bwino komanso moyenera.
Monga gawo la mautumikiwa, mumasankha malo onse onyamula ndi kutumiza. Ogwira ntchito omwe amayang'anira kutumiza kwanu amasamalira katundu wanu mokwanira kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto, kutengera zomwe mukufuna komanso malingaliro anu:
Mumasankha komwe mungatenge: fakitale ya ogulitsa, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, doko kapena eyapoti yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Mumasankha malo omaliza obweretsera: nyumba yanu yosungiramo zinthu, kasitomala wanu, kapena nyumba yanu.
Ntchitozi zimabwera ndi njira zonse zovuta zoyang'anira kulemekeza (chilolezo cha mwambo ndi zina) ndikukuthandizani kuti katundu wanu aperekedwe ndi mtendere wamumtima.
Dongosolo Lapakhomo ndi Khomo Lamulo Lapakatikati
1) Mayendedwe kuchokera ku fakitale kupita kumalo osungira
Kusamutsa katundu kuchokera ku fakitale ya ogulitsa kupita kumalo osungiramo katundu kumatchedwa 'Export Haulage'. Gawo loyambali nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto imodzi kapena zingapo (mwina masitima apamtunda), ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku ochepa malinga ndi mtunda woyenda.
Phwando lomwe limayang'anira bungwe loyang'anira mayendedwe ndi kubweza ndalama zotumizira kunja kudzatengera mgwirizano pakati pa wopereka ndi wogula. Ngati pangano likunena kuti wogula ndi amene ali ndi udindo wotumiza katunduyo, ndiye kuti wogulayo ayenera kukonza zotengera katunduyo kuchokera kufakitale kupita kumalo omaliza omwe anagwirizana.
Kumbali ina, ngati mgwirizano ukunena kuti wogula atenge udindo woyendetsa theka la njira, wotumiza adzakhala woyang'anira kutumiza kuchokera pa sitepe yoyamba iyi.
2) Kulengeza zakunja kwakunja
Chilolezo cha Customs for export chimafunika ndi akuluakulu a dziko lochokera kuti alembetse katundu yense amene akuchoka m'derali. Chilolezo cha kasitomu chimachitidwa ndi broker wovomerezeka. Chikalata cholengeza mosamalitsa chilichonse chomwe chatumizidwacho chikufunika, komanso zolemba zina zoyang'anira (mwachitsanzo, ziphaso zaku China zotumiza kunja).
3) Malipiro oyambira ndi ntchito
Kusamalira katundu asananyamuke kumabwera ndi ntchito zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi wotumiza katundu kapena wothandizira. Wotumiza katunduyo amalandira katunduyo atatsitsa galimotoyo kuti awonenso mwatsatanetsatane za kutumiza. Katunduyo adzalandiridwa pambuyo poyang'anira kulongedza ndikuwongolera zikalata zonse zoyang'anira.
4) Kugwira pa doko / bwalo la ndege ponyamula
Zotumizazo zikavomerezedwa, zimasungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe kuti zitumizidwe ku doko / bwalo la ndege lomwe mwagwirizana. Katunduyo amatha kukwezedwa pachombo chimodzi kapena zingapo kutengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe wagula. Ngati ndalamazo sizikukwanira kudzaza bokosi lonse, zogulazo zimayikidwa mu chidebe chogawana ndi katundu kuchokera kwa makasitomala ena kuti akafike padoko lomaliza lomweli. Izi ndizomwe timatcha kutumiza kwa LCL (zocheperako zonyamula katundu). Patatsala masiku ochepa kuti anyamuke, katundu wambiri amadzaza m'chidebe ndikunyamulidwa ndi galimoto kupita ku doko/bwalo la ndege. Bokosilo limayikidwa ndi mabokosi ena kuti anyamulidwe pachombo chomwecho.
5) Chilolezo cha Customs pakufika
Akuluakulu a boma amafuna kuti katundu aliyense alowe m'dzikolo akafika. Gawoli likuphatikizapo kulengeza malonda ndi mtengo wake kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe ziyenera kulipidwa (ngati palibe chikhululukiro).
Chilolezo cha kasitomu chimaphatikizapo kupereka zolembedwa zonse zofunika kwa akuluakulu a kasitomu kuti katunduyo amasulidwe ndi kupitiriza ntchitoyo. Njira yololeza katunduyo isanayambike katunduyo asanafike kumene akupita, ndipo ayenera kutha kugula kusanadutse zopinga zamalonda za dzikolo.
Katundu amaonedwa kuti akulowa m'dzikolo akawoloka malire ndikuchoka kudera lamilandu (kapena madera apadziko lonse). Wotumiza katundu, wothandizila wake, kapena wogulitsa kasitomu wosankhidwa atha kupereka chilolezo cha kasitomu bola ali ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka. Munthu amene amayang’anira chilolezo cha kasitomu ayenera kulandira zikalata zonse zofunika kuti ntchitoyi iyambe.
Nthawi zambiri, ntchitoyi imatha kuyambika ndi mapepala osakanizidwa, ngakhale maulamuliro ena amafunikira zoyambirira asanamalize ntchitoyo. Pokhapokha ngati Incoterm DDP ikugwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza (Customs Duty Paid), ndi udindo wa wogula kukonza ndi kulipira chilolezo cha kasitomu. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kulola wotumiza katundu wanu kapena wothandizira kuti achotse zomwe mwatumiza, bola ngati ali ndi zolemba zonse zofunika.
6) Kusamalira kopita
Ntchito zingapo ziyenera kumalizidwa katunduyo akafika komwe akupita. Zimayamba pamene kutumiza kulandiridwa, ndipo zolembazo zikutsimikiziridwa ndi wothandizira kumeneko. Kenaka, chidebecho chimachotsedwa ku malo osungiramo katundu pa doko ndikupita kumalo osungiramo katundu, kumene katunduyo amafufuzidwa ndikusankhidwa kuti atumizidwe kapena kusonkhanitsa.
7) Kutumiza kopita
Kusamutsa katundu kuchokera kumalo osungiramo katundu kupita ku adilesi ya wotumiza kumatchedwa 'kopita kapena kutengera katundu'. Galimoto imodzi kapena zingapo (nthawi zina ngakhale sitima) amalipidwa kuti azitengera katunduyo kumalo osungiramo katundu. Izi zitha kutenga masiku angapo, malingana ndi mtunda.
Mu utumiki wa khomo ndi khomo, zotengerazo zimayendetsedwa ndi wotumiza yemwe amasamalira kubweretsa komaliza. Makasitomala amathanso kukatenga katunduyo kumalo osungiramo katundu wotumiza katunduyo kenako n’kukaperekako komaliza yekha. Nthawi zambiri, anthu / makampani omwe amagwira ntchito pa bajeti yolimba amasankha yankho ili, lomwe ndi lotsika mtengo.
7. Kodi Kutumiza Kumawononga Ndalama Zingati Kuchokera ku China?
Ndalama zotumizira zimatengera komwe wachokera, kopita, ntchito, kulemera kwa phukusi, ndi zina.
Pamodzi ndi kukula kwa phukusi lanu, kulemera kwake kumadalira kwambiri pamtengo wanu wotumizira. Maphukusi olemera amawononga ndalama zambiri kuti atumize.
Kukula kwa phukusili ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kwanu. Monga lamulo, bokosi likakula, limakhala ndi ndalama zambiri zotumiza.
Kuti mukwaniritse bwino zosowa za kasitomala aliyense, mitundu ingapo ya mitengo ndi ntchito zilipo. Mwanjira iyi, mutha kusankha pakati pa njira ziwiri zazikulu zokhudzana ndi katundu wapanyanja:
Full Container Load (FCL)
amapereka mitundu iwiri ya zotengera zonse:
The 20 mapazi, ndi mphamvu mkati 33 kiyubiki mamita
Kapena 40 mapazi, amatha kunyamula mpaka 66 kiyubiki mita.
Yankholi limatsimikizira njira yotumizira yotetezeka komanso yodalirika, chifukwa chidebe chanu chidzasindikizidwa kuyambira ponyamuka kupita ku adilesi yomaliza.
Pang'ono ndi Chotengera Chonyamula (LCL)
Njirayi ndiyotsika mtengo kwambiri pama voliyumu otsika, chifukwa gawo limodzi lokha la chidebe ndi lomwe lidzagwiritsidwe ntchito ponyamula katundu wanu. Yankholi limakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera mtengo wotumizira kwambiri. Zogulitsa zanu zimayikidwa m'bokosi limodzi ndi makasitomala ena, ndipo mudzangolipira malo omwe mukufuna.
LCL ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale pakati pa 0-15m3. Komabe, zitha kusiyana kutengera doko lonyamukira.
8. Kodi Nthawi Yotumizira Imakhala Yatalika Motani?
Kodi masiku otumizira ndi kutumiza amawerengedwa bwanji? Tsiku lotumizira likhoza kusapezeka mkati mwa nthawi yomweyi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa zinthu kapena kuchuluka kwa katundu musanatumize oda yanu.
Zitha kukhala chilichonse pakati pa masiku 12 ndi 60, zonse kutengera dziko lomwe mukutumiza komanso njira yotumizira yomwe mungasankhe. Oda yanu idzatumizidwa mkati mwa masiku 60 antchito. Timakonza ndikutumiza oda yanu m'njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri kuti tikupatseni ndalamazo potumiza kwaulere.
Ngati mumakhala m'dera lomwe mukuchedwa ntchito mosayembekezereka (nyengo yoopsa, masoka achilengedwe, zochitika zosakonzekera, ndi zina zotero), chonde onjezerani osachepera 2 kwa masiku a ntchito a 3 ku tsiku loyerekeza kubweretsa kwa oda yanu.
Nthawi yamaulendo imawerengeredwa pogwiritsa ntchito masiku abizinesi, kutanthauza kuti Loweruka ndi Lamlungu sizimawerengera nthawi yamayendedwe. Matchuthi amaganiziridwanso powerengera nthawi yaulendo.
Komabe, ngati mukutumiza katundu kuchokera ku madoko akuluakulu ku China kupita ku Los Angeles kapena ku Long Beach, mukuyang'ana pafupifupi milungu iwiri pamadzi. Komabe, musayembekezere kuti katundu wanu akhale m'manja mwanu mkati mwa masiku 14.
Katundu wapadziko lonse lapansi ndizovuta, makamaka posankha pakati pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yotumizira.
Chowerengera nthawi yapadziko lonse yapadziko lonse lapansi yotumizira katundu chimapereka nthawi yofananira yamalori ophatikizana amkati, ndege, ndi nyanja zam'madzi, kuti ipereke chiyerekezo chokwanira cha nthawi yotumiza katundu.
Nthawi yobweretsera yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ndi yongotchula chabe ndipo ingasiyane ndi nthawi yeniyeni yobweretsera. Chonde perekani chiweruzo chanu molingana ndi momwe zilili.
9. Kodi Mungakwanitse Kuitanitsa?
Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mungakwanitse kulipirira mtengo wogulitsira kunja. Kuitanitsa kunja ndi ndalama zambiri pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba ndi chakuti poganizira za kukwera mtengo kwa zotumiza kapena zoyendera, ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri kuyitanitsa maoda akulu pang'ono m'malo mwa maoda ang'onoang'ono - kotero maoda otengera kunja nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu, motero okwera mtengo.
Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi chakuti kuitanitsa kunja kumagwirizanitsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Munthu amene mukugulako angakufunseni kuti akulipireni patsogolo, kapena akufunseni kalata yangongole kapena chitsimikizo china cholipira kuchokera kubanki yanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kupeza ndalamazo kapena kuzigwiritsa ntchito poyendetsa bizinesi yanu pakadutsa nthawi pakati pa kuyitanitsa ndikulipira, zomwe zitha kufalikira kwa miyezi yambiri pamaoda ena.
Pangani zoneneratu za ndalama kuti muwonetsetse kuti mungakwanitse kuyendetsa bizinesi yanu moyenera pomwe muli ndi ndalama zomangirira zoitanitsa. Lankhulani ndi akauntanti wanu, manejala wa banki, kapena mlangizi wazachuma kuti muwonenso kuti simunanyalanyaze chilichonse chofunikira.
10. Kuopsa kwa Kuitanitsa
Pali zoopsa zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuitanitsa kusiyana ndi kugula kwanuko, ndipo muyenera kudziwa izi kuti muzisamalire bwino. Izi zikuphatikiza zovuta zotsatirazi zaubwino ndi zobweretsera:
Mtunda pakati pa inu ndi wogulitsa ukhoza kukhala wofunikira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizovuta kuti muyang'ane, kapena kuthana ndi nkhani monga kuwongolera khalidwe.
Mtunda wobweretsera umapitirira, ndipo nthawi yobweretsera imakhala yaitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katundu wobwerera akhale ovuta.
Chifukwa cha nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mupereke, mutha kukhala pamalo oti muvomereze zinthu zotsika, chifukwa choti simungathe kupeza zinthu zolowa m'malo mwanthawi yake ngati woperekayo akukhumudwitsani.
Muyenera kusamala kuti mupeze ogulitsa odalirika ndikuyika maoda okha pamawu omwe amakupatsani chivundikiro pokana kutumiza, komanso zilango zobweretsa mochedwa kapena katundu yemwe sali wokwanira. Zimalipiranso kukhala ndi ena ogulitsa, kotero muli ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera ngati mukuzifuna.
11. Kuthana ndi kusintha kwa ndalama
Kusintha kwa ndalama ndi chiopsezo china chomwe mungakumane nacho ngati wogulitsa kunja. Mwinamwake mukugula katundu ndi ndalama zakunja, kutanthauza kuti kusinthasintha kwa mtengo wosinthitsa kungakhudze ndalama zomaliza zomwe mudzazilipira mu madola aku US.
Wotsika mtengo kwambiri siwoyenera kukhala wogulitsa wabwino kwambiri kuti agwirizane naye pazogulitsa kuchokera kunja. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza ogulitsa odalirika. Mukufuna kupeza wothandizira amene mukutsimikiza:
sizizimiririka ndi ndalama zanu
adzapereka nthawi yake
ipereka zinthu zomwe mwafotokoza komanso pamlingo wamtundu womwe ukuyembekezeredwa
adzakudziwitsani ngati pali zovuta kapena kuchedwa
Funsani kuti muwone mndandanda wamakasitomala omwe mungakhale akukupatsirani ndikulumikizana nawo kuti mumve zambiri. Chitani cheke pakampaniyo, ndipo ngati mungathe, gwiritsani ntchito ndalamazo mwakuthupi
kuwayendera ndikuwona malo awo, mbewu, ndi mtundu wa zotulutsa zawo. Ngati simungathe kukonza zoyendera tsamba lanu, tsatirani zitsanzo musanayike oda yanu.
12. Kuchita ndi ogulitsa kunja
Kuchita ndi ogulitsa kudziko lina nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira mozama. N’kutheka kuti mukuchita zinthu ndi anthu olankhula chinenero chofanana ndi chanu, amene chikhalidwe chawo komanso makhalidwe awo amasiyana ndi chanu. Kuthekera kwa kusamvetsetsana ndi kusamvana ndikwambiri kuposa momwe mukuchitira ndi ogulitsa am'deralo.
13. Zogulitsa malonda
Musanasaine lamulo loti mutenge kuchokera kunja, muyenera kumvetsetsa mawu ogulitsira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa kunja, ndipo muyenera kutsimikiza kuti mbali zonsezo zikumvetsetsa mawuwa.
Kumvetsetsa mawu monga EX (ntchito zakale kapena fakitale yakale, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, kapena minda), FAS (Sitima Yapamtunda Yaulere), ndi FOB (Yaulere Pabwalo) sizovuta monga momwe zingawonekere poyamba. Bungwe la International Chamber of Commerce lakhazikitsa malamulo okhazikika otanthauzira mawu amalonda otchedwa Incoterms.
Incoterms 2010 ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakali pano, koma kope lokonzedwanso, Incoterms 2020, likuyembekezeka kuyamba kugwira ntchito mu 2020. Dipatimenti ya zamalonda ya banki yanu yapadziko lonse, wothandizira katundu kapena Chamber of Commerce yanu ayenera kukuthandizani pa izi.
注: 建议图片大小150px*50px
