China atanga Fitness Equipment lakluh dan?

China gym hmanruaah kan lo lawm a che. Hetah hian Top 13 Tips Before You China Import Gym Equipment—Hei Chhiar Hmain Lei LO RAWH!

1. Thil lakluhna senso

Ram pawn lama company-a order i siam hmain i fee pek tur zawng zawng i zawn chhuah a ngai ang. Heng import gym hmanrua senso te hi a huam thei ang:

• transport leh insurance senso (trade terms i inremna a zirin) .

• GST

• customs duties leh levies te a ni

• dahthatna

• finance charges a ni

• customs broker emaw freight forwarder emaw hman ang chi service-a charges.

Customs duties-a i pek tur zat hriat theih nan i thil lakluh duhte customs clearance tariff dik tak i hriat a ngai mai thei. I pek tur zat dik tak chhut nan thil lo chhuahna ram leh a hlutna (shipping tel lovin) i supply a ngai mai thei bawk.

Thutawp atan chuan khawvel pum huapa sumdawnna i neih chuan landed cost hi shipping cost chhiarna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni. Fell cost chu khawvel puma thil pakhat thawn chhuah man zawng zawng a ni a, a lei man, a phurh man, pawisa thlak man, duties leh a kaihhnawih senso dang zawng zawng te pawh a tel. Variable hrang hrang zawng zawng avang hian landed cost hi hriat a harsa thei a, chu chu i thil siam hlawkna tak tak hmuh theihna tura i mamawh chu a ni.

Item pakhat final landed cost idea i neih hnuah chuan importing hi i gym business tan cost-effective option a ni dawn em tih i check thei tawh ang. Additional charges tam tak i pek a ngai dawn a, ram pawna factory atanga unit khata senso aia tam a awm a, hengte hi a add up thei bawk. Heng senso zawng zawng hi ngaihtuah a nih hnuah investment atanga return tling tak hmuh theih i duh ang.

I accountant, business adviser emaw customs broker emaw hnenah i calculation kalpui tir la, i senso tur zawng zawng i account vek tawh tih chian a tha.

2. Tax leh Duties chhiar dan

Import tax tih thumal hman dan

International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Commercial Terms hi bungraw phurh chhuahna nena inzawm thil man emaw, risk nena inzawm thil emaw sawina atana hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Contract ziah huna hman tam berte chu:

• EXW hnuaia thawn chhuah hian supplier hian factory atanga a chhuah hunah thil awm thei leh thawn chhuah theih tura inpeih tir a tum a ni. Carrier emaw freight forwarder emaw chuan factory pawna thil neihte dawn atanga a tawp ber thlenga thawn chhuah chu a mawhphurhna a ni.

• FOB hnuaia thil thawn chhuah hian supplier hian bungrua chu a phurhna port-ah leh lawngah a thawn chhuak tur a ni. Hetih lai hian mawhphurhna chu freight forwarder kutah dah a ni a, a tawp ber delivery hmun thlengin.

• CIF hnuaia lawng kan thawn hian carrier hian a thlenna port thlenga bungraw phur leh phurh insurance a buaipui thin.

China ramah chuan Organization of Maritime Transport hi an picky hle a ni. A tlangpuiin China atanga lawng kan thawn dawna incoterm hman tlanglawn pali chu EXW a ni a; FOB-ah chuan; CFR leh CIF te a ni. International shipment-a inhnamhnawih party tinte mawhphurhna leh man leh mawhphurhna ruat tur chuan incoterm chu eng nge a nih tih hriatthiam a pawimawh hle.

FOB nge CIF?

China atanga thawn chhuah tam zawk hi incoterm inang hmanga thawn chhuah a ni a, chu chu EXW emaw FOB emaw a tlangpuiin a ni. FOB hi a bik takin supplier leh local transportation company te inkara inzawmna nghet tak a awm a, chu chuan shipping process hmasa ber (warehouse emaw factory atanga POL thleng) buaipui duhtu a nih chuan lawmawm a ti hle. Heng supplier leh local company te inzawmna rei tak hian rates inelna nasa tak a siam thei a ni. Chuvang chuan he transportation process-a he part hi Chinese supplier-te chuan systematic takin an buaipui a ni.

EXW emaw FOB ang chi incoterms i thlang tur a ni a, chutah chuan (almost) i shipment zawng zawng chu professional inpe tak team-in an buaipui ang a, an enkawl ang.

Heng incoterm pahnih hi factory/warehouse (EXW) emaw port of departure (FOB) atanga pick-up nen an rawn thleng a, hei hian phurh chhuahna kawngah mawhphurhna rit tak tak lakah a chhuah zalen che a ni.

3. Tax Chhût dan

Import tax leh customs duties pek tur zat hi thil lakluh man emaw, a hlutna emaw atanga chhut a ni a, chu chu Duty Paying Value (DPV) an ti a, bungraw man (transacted price) atanga chhut a ni. Hei hian i port-a i thlenna port-a i unload hmaa transportation nena inzawm senso leh thil siamte insurance premium te a huam a ni.

DPV tihfelnaah hian chhiah, VAT emaw CT emaw a tel lo. Thumal dang kaihhnawih chu Composite Assessable Price (CAP) a ni a, chu chu DPV, import duty, leh a hman theih chuan CT te inzawmkhawm a ni.

A hnuaia formula te hian DPV leh CAP chhut dan a tarlang a ni:

• DPV = Bungraw man + Transportation senso + Cargo insurance

• Import duty = DPV x Tariff rate a ni

• CAP = DPV + Import duty = DPV x (1+tariff rate) a ni a, a man pawh a to hle.

• VAT = CAP x VAT rate a ni

Entirna atan USA company pakhatin Ntaifitness atangin machinery a rawn la lut a, FOB pricing angin contract a ziak ta ang u. Chuvangin, shipping leh insurance senso zawng zawng hi USA buyer-in a tum vek dawn a ni.

Hei hian a awmzia chu Commercial Fitness Equipment Manufacturer mawhphurhna ber chu USA leituin a ruahman lawnga machinery (goods) te chu phurh luh a, export theih tura inpeih tawh customs-a bungrua clear a ni tihna a ni.

Incoterms dan hi eng nge ni?

ICC-in Incoterms rules a siam hi khawvelin bungraw zawrhna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni. Purchase order i file emaw, bungraw phurh chhuahna atana shipment i packaging leh label emaw, port-a certificate of origin i buatsaih emaw pawh nise, Incoterms rules hian kaihruaitu tur a awm a ni. Incoterms dan hian nitin khawvel sumdawnna lakluh leh thawnchhuahna kawnga tel mimalte tan kaihhruaina bik a pe a ni.

Incoterms hian eng nge a din?

Incoterms hi acronym a ni a, general commercial terms tihna a ni. Incoterms hi International Chamber of Commerce trademark a ni a, ram hrang hrangah registered a ni. Incoterms danah hian condition hrang hrangte tawifelna a awm a, chu chu FOB ('Free on Board'), DAP ('Delivered at Place') EXW ('Ex Works'), CIP ('Carriage and Insurance Paid To') te hi a ni a, chung zawng zawng hian khawvel hmun hrang hranga thil hralhna atana awmzia dik tak an nei vek a ni.

Incoterms dan thar ber chu Incoterms 2010 a ni a,
a hmangtute tan Incoterms 2010 hi hman chhunzawm zel a ni ang.
https://iccwbo.org/sumdawnna atana hmanraw tangkai/incoterms-rules/incoterms-rules-2010/

4. China atanga thil thawn chhuah: Post, Courier, Air emaw Sea emaw hmanga thawn chhuah?

China atanga tuipui lama bungraw phurh chhuahna: A man tlawm zawka hman theih tur. He option hian a rei ber (i awmna hmun leh a kalna tur hmun a zirin a vaiin ni 3-60) a la thei a, mahse hei hi thil thawn tur tam tak nei tan chuan thawn chhuah dan tha tak a ni a, thil thawn tur nghah tur hun i pek tawh anga ngaih chuan duhthlanna ropui tak, economical tak a ni thei tak zet a ni.

Hei hi logistics lama hmanraw hman ber pakhat a ni a, a chhan chu a flexible em em a, thil chi hrang hrang leh shipment chi hrang hrang a phur thei bawk. He mode hmang hian customs clearance leh documentation pawh i enkawl a ngai dawn a, i thil siamte chu port a thlen veleh port atanga i facility emaw warehouse emaw thlenga i thlen theih dan tur i ngaihtuah a ngai dawn a ni.

Hetiang chi shipping atan hian shipment lian, bulky leh extremely heavy shipment hi a awm fo thin.

European-Asian route-ah chuan airfreight hian ni tlemte chauh a la a (entir nan, China-UK door-to-door tan ni 5-7 chauh a ni) he transit time hi tuipuiah thla khat tal (China-UK tan chuan sea freight-ah ni 40-45, door to door) thleng a ni thung.

5. I Shipping Management atan Freight Forwarder I hmang tur em ni?

I thil siamte chu a kalna tur hmun a thlen thuai theih nan i shipping management anga sign on duhtu shipping agent chi hrang hrang an awm.
Importer tawnhriat nei lo tam tak chuan supplier hnenah shipping zawng zawng enkawl turin an phal ang a, shipping address leh eng port-ah nge a kal a ngai tih an hrilh ang a, chutah chuan supplier chu a figure out tir ang.

Chu chu a tha emaw, a chhe emaw pawh a ni thei. I ngaihtuah tur thil pakhat tlem zawk a nih avangin a dik a, mahse i shipping man i pek tam lutuk theih avangin a hlauhawm thei a ni.

Nangmah ngeiin Ti rawh?

Pawl lian zawk tam tak chuan bungraw thawn chhuahna tur ruahmanna zawng zawng chu an chhungril lama enkawl vek an thlang a, chutiang chuan an thil tih dan leh thil thawn chhuahna atana senso hnuhnung ber chu an thunun thei vek a ni.
Airlines, trucking company, shipping line, etc. te nen direct-a space booking-ah an tawp tlangpui ang a, importing leh exporting ram pahniha customs declaration te pawh an buaipui bawk.

• Heng zawng zawng hi nangmah ngeiin i enkawl a ngai hi thil tam tak a ni thei a, a bik takin a tih dan emaw, a kalphung emaw i hriat loh chuan.

• He option hi i thlang thei ngei ang; mahse, i order zawm leh beisei loh thil lo thleng apiang hmachhawn dan tur kalphung tha tak i neih ngei ngei tur a ni.

• Carrier te nen in check in fo ang a, i shipment chu khawiah nge a awm a, khawiah nge a kal dawn tih hriat nan eng zawhna nge zawh tur tih pawh i hre duh ang.

Buaina a lo awm chuan, chu buaina chu i chinfel a ngai ang a, i sumdawnna emaw, i budget emaw-a nghawng a neih tlem theih nan eng nge i tih tur tih i ngaihtuah a ngai ang.
Mi tam zawk chuan heng zawng zawng hi anmahni ngeiin hmachhawn tur bandwidth an nei lo tih an hre chiang a, an hun hi a hlu ber tih an hria – enterprise tam zawk chuan anmahni ngeiin engkim hmachhawn tumna tur resources an nei lo mai mai a ni.

6. Door to Door Delivery hi eng nge a awmzia?

Door to door delivery hi customer tan chuan shipment hman dan tlangpui leh awlsam ber a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan tuipui lama bungraw phur container thawn chhuahna nena inzawm ruahmanna zawng zawng aṭangin customer chu a zalen a ni. Kan kalpui dan zawng zawng hi kan enkawl a, container loading atanga port thlenga delivery atanga tan a, destination thlen thlengin kan enkawl a ni.

Door-to-door services hi end-to-end logistics services a ni a, chu chuan i bungrua chu i warehouse/factory/ in atanga i inremna hmun hnuhnung ber thlenga phurh theihna a ni. Heng service, 'all-in' transportation solutions tia koh bawk te hian customer tinte chuan an bungrua chu professional hnenah an hlan thei dawn a, chu chu hlawhtling leh tha taka thawn chhuah theih a ni ang.

Heng service hrang hrangte zingah hian pick-up leh delivery hmun pahnih i thlang vek a ni. I shipment enkawltu staff te chuan i bungrua chu a tir atanga a tawp thlengin an enkawl kim vek a, i mamawh leh rawtna te a zirin:

• Pick-up na hmun i thlang a: supplier factory, warehouse, port emaw international airport emaw.

• Delivery hmun hnuhnung ber chu i thlang a: i warehouse, i customer, emaw i in emaw.

Heng services te hi zah tur administrative procedure complex zawng zawng (customs clearance etc.) nen a rawn thleng a, i thil zawrh chu rilru thlamuang takin i rawn thawn thei a ni.

Kawngkhar atanga Kawngkhar thlenga rawngbawlna Step by Step Guide

1) Factory atanga warehouse thlenga phurh chhuah

Supplier factory atanga freight forwarder warehouse-a bungrua transfer chu 'Export Haulage' an ti a. He step hmasa ber hian a tlangpuiin truck pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw (rel pawh a ni thei) hman a huam a, a tlangpuiin kal tur hlat zawng a zirin ni tlemte chauh a la ngai.

Logistics organization leh export atana transport man pekna tur mawhphurtu party chu supplier leh buyer inremnaah a innghat ang. Inremnaah chuan thil leituin a thawn chhuahna tur a mawhphurhna a nih thu a sawi a nih chuan, a lei tu chuan factory atanga inremna siamna hmun hnuhnung ber thlenga phurh chhuah dan tur a ruahman tur a ni.

A lehlamah chuan inremnaah chuan a lei tuin a chanve vel a phurh chhuahna tur mawhphurhna a la tur thu a sawi a nih chuan, a thawntu chuan he step hmasa ber atang hian thil thawn chhuah chu a enkawl ang.

2) Export customs declaration tihchhuah a ni

Export tur chuan customs clearance neih a ngai a, chu chu a chhuahna ram thuneitute chuan an ram aṭanga bungraw chhuak zawng zawng register turin an ti a ni. Customs clearance hi customs broker phalna neiin a ti thin. Shipment-a thil awm zawng zawng uluk taka puan chhuahna document a ngai a, chubakah, a thlawptu administrative record dang (eg, Chinese export licenses) pawh a ngai bawk.

3) Origin handling charge leh service te

A chhuah hmaa bungrua enkawl danah hian hna engemaw zat freight forwarder emaw agent emaw tih tur a awm a ni. Freight forwarder hian truck a unload hnuah a thil siamte chu a dawng a, a thawn chhuah dan chipchiar taka enfiah a ni. Cargo hi packing enfiah a nih hnuah leh administrative document zawng zawng control hnuah pawm a ni ang.

4) Loading port/airport-a handling

Shipment chu pawm a nih hnuah warehouse-ah dahin container-ah dahin, inremna siama port/airport of destination-ah transfer a ni. Thil lei zawng zawng a zirin lawng pakhat emaw, lawng engemaw zatah emaw phurh theih a ni. Box pum pui khat tling lo a nih chuan, thil lei chu customer dangte bungrua nen shared container-ah dahin, final destination port ang chiah a thleng ang. Hei hi LCL shipment (container load aia tlem) kan tih chu a ni. A chhuah hma ni engemaw zatah chuan thil tam tak chu container-ah dahin truck hmangin port/airport thlengin an phur a ni. Box chu lawng khata phur tur box dang nen an dah khawm a ni.

5) A thlen veleh Customs clearance neih a ni ang

Thuneitute chuan ram chhunga bungraw lut zawng zawng chu an thlen veleh import customs clearance an mamawh a ni. He step hi duty pek tur zat (exemption a awm loh chuan) hriat theihna turin thil siam leh a hlutna puan chhuah a ni.

Customs clearance-ah hian bungraw chhuah chhuah theihna tur leh a kalphung kalpui zel turin customs thuneitute hnenah documentation mamawh zawng zawng hlan vek a ni. Customs clearance process hi a tumna hmun a thlen hma pawhin a intan thei a, thil lei hian ram sumdawnna lama harsatna a paltlang hmain a tawp a ngai a ni.

Cargo hi ramri a pelh a, customs zone (or international zone) atanga a chhuah chuan ram chhunga lut anga ngaih a ni. Freight forwarder, a agent emaw, customs broker ruat emaw chuan license dik tak an neih chhung chuan customs clearance hi an ti thei ang. Customs clearance enkawltu chuan a kalpui tan theihna tura document mamawh zawng zawng a dawng vek tur a ni.

A tlangpuiin, thuneitu ṭhenkhatin an tih zawh kim hmain original an mamawh a, mahse, paper-te scan copy hmanga tih ṭan theih a ni. Incoterm DDP hi shipment-ah hman a nih loh chuan (Customs Duty Paid) customs clearance ruahman leh pek chu a lei tu mawhphurhna a ni. Vawi tam tak chu i freight forwarder emaw agent emaw hnenah i shipment clear tir chu a awlsam zawk a, document tul zawng zawng an neih phawt chuan.

6) Tuna hmuna handling

Cargo chu a tum hnuhnung ber a thlen veleh hna tam tak tih zawh a ngai a ni. Shipment a dawn atanga tan a ni a, document te chu chutah chuan agent chuan a verify mek a ni. Tichuan, container chu port-a storage unit aṭangin lakchhuah a ni a, destination warehouse-ah phurh a ni a, chutah chuan bungrua chu enfiahin, delivery emaw collection emaw atan an thliar hrang ṭhin.

7) Destination thlenga thawn chhuah

Warehouse atanga consignee address-a bungrua transfer chu 'destination or import haulage' tia ruat a ni. Warehouse thlenga bungrua phurh chhuahna tur truck pakhat emaw, engemaw zat emaw (a chang chuan rel pawh) hire a ni. He step hian ni engemaw zat a daih thei a, a hlat zawng a zirin.

Door-to-door service-ah chuan transport hi forwarder-in a kalpui a, chu chuan final delivery a buaipui a ni. Customer chuan freight forwarder warehouse-ah bungrua chu a la thei bawk a, chutah chuan delivery hnuhnung ber chu anmahniin an buaipui thei bawk. A tlangpuiin mimal/company budget tight tak hmanga hnathawkte chuan he solution hi an thlang a, a man tlawm zawk.

7. China atanga Shipping man hi engzat nge ni?

Shipping cost hi origin, destination, service, package weight leh ngaihtuah tur dangte a innghat a ni.

I package lian leh te bakah hian a rit zawng hian i shipping cost-ah nasa takin a factor a ni. Package rit zawk chu thawn chhuah nan a man a to zawk.
Package lian leh te hi i shipping rate tichiangtu pawimawh tak a ni. A tlangpuiin box a lian poh leh thawn chhuah man a to zawk.

Client tinte mamawh phuhruk zawk nan rate leh service hrang hrang a awm a. Chutiang chuan tuipui lama bungraw phurh chungchangah duhthlan tur lian pahnih zingah i thlang thei ang:

Container phurh kim (FCL) 1.1.

full container chi hnih a pe a:

• Feet 20-a sang a ni a, a chhung lam chu cubic meter 33 a ni

• A nih loh leh feet 40, cubic meter 66 thleng phur thei.

He solution hian shipping process him leh rintlak tak a siam a, i container chu a chhuahna atanga a tawp ber tur address thlengin sealed a nih dawn avangin.

Container Load (LCL) aiin a tlem zawk .

He option hi volume hniam zawk tan chuan a man a tlawm zawk a, container hmun khat chauh i bungrua phurh chhuahna atan hman a nih dawn avangin. He solution hian i shipping cost nasa takin a tihhniam theih phah a ni. I thil siamte chu customer dangte thil siamte nen box chhungah dah a ni a, a tawpah chuan i mamawh hmun tur chauh i pe ang.

LCL hi 0-15m3 inkar volume atan hman a tha. Mahse, a chhuahna port a zirin a danglam thei.

8. Delivery Time hi eng chen nge a rei?

Engtin nge shipping & delivery date hi chhut a nih? Chu delivery date chu chu window of time chhung chuan i order i siam hmaa inventory emaw delivery capacity emaw a inthlak avangin a awm thei lo thei a ni.

Ni 12 leh ni 60 inkar eng pawh a ni thei a, chu chu eng ram nge i thawn dawn tih leh eng shipping method nge i thlan danah a innghat vek a ni. I order chu ni 60 chhungin a rawn thleng ang. I order chu a man tlawm berin kan process a, kan thawn chhuak a, chutiang chuan kan savings chu free shipping angin i hnenah kan pass thei a ni.

Beisei loh taka service tihkhawtlai (khaw lum nasa tak, thilsiam chhiatna, thil thleng tur ruahman lawk loh, etc.) i tawk a nih chuan, i order delivery date estimated-ah hian ni 2 atanga ni 3 tal add la.

Transit hun hi sumdawnna ni hmanga chhut a ni a, chu chu Zirtawpni leh Pathianni hi transit hun atan chhiar a ni lo tihna a ni. Transit hun tur chhut hian holidays te pawh ngaihtuah tel a ni.

Mahse, a tlangpuiin China rama lawng chawlhna hmunpui pakhat atanga Los Angeles emaw Long Beach emaw-a bungrua i lakluh chuan tui chunga kar hnih vel awm tur i en a ni. Mahse, ni 14 chhungin i bungrua chu i kutah a awm beisei suh.

International freight hi a buaithlak hle a, a bik takin shipping mode hrang hrang thlan hunah a buaithlak hle.

He international freight shipping transit time calculator hian blended inland trucking, air, leh ocean freight-a shipping time estimate a pe a, hei hian freight shipping time estimate kimchang tak a pe thei a ni.

Delivery hun tur ruahman chu reference atan chauh a ni a, delivery hun tak tak nen a danglam thei bawk. Khawngaihin i rorelna chu a dinhmun dik tak angin siam rawh.

9. Import I theih ang em?

Import man hi i finance theih ngei ngei tur a ni. Importing hi cash intensive a nih chhan pahnih vang a ni. A hmasa ber chu shipping emaw transport man sang lutuk ngaihtuah chuan order tenau deuh thenkhat siam ai chuan order lian zawk tlemte siam hi a man a tlawm zawk – chuvangin import order hi a lian fo thin a, chuvangin a man a to hle.

A chhan pahnihna chu import hian working capital a ties up vang a ni. I thil lei tur chuan upfront-in pawisa a dil ang a, a nih loh leh i bank atangin letter of credit emaw, pawisa pekna tur guarantee dang emaw a dil ang. Hei hian order siam leh a man pek inkar chhung hian pawisa chu i hmu thei lo emaw, i sumdawnna kalpui nan emaw i hmang thei lo tihna a ni a, hei hi order thenkhatah chuan thla tam tak chhung a darh thei a ni.

Import order atana pawisa i inbun laiin i sumdawnna chu tha taka kalpui theih i la nih theih nan cash flow forecast kalpui rawh. I accountant, bank manager emaw, financial adviser emaw hnenah thil pawimawh i ngaihthah loh tih double-check turin bia la.

10. Thil lakluh atanga hlauhawmna

Local-a lei ai chuan import-naah hian risk a tam zawk a, hengte hi uluk taka enkawl tur chuan i hriat chian a ngai a ni. Chung zingah chuan a hnuaia quality leh delivery ngaihtuahna te hi a tel a ni:

• Nang leh i supplier inkar hlat zawng hi a lian thei hle. Hei hian i tan check on a harsa zawk tihna a ni a, quality control ang chi thilte pawh i hmachhawn harsa zawk tihna a ni.

• Delivery distance a hla zawk a, delivery time pawh a rei zawk a, hei hian bungrua rawn thawn let a ti harsa hle.

Delivery atana hun a duh avangin, i supplier-in a tihbuai che chuan a hun taka quality dik tak replacement product i source theih loh vang mai mai, thil man tlawm zawk pawm a ngaina dinhmunah i tawp mai thei.

Supplier hmingthang tak tak zawng turin i fimkhur a ngai ang a, non-delivery laka cover pe thei tur term-ah chauh order i siam tur a ni a, delivery tlai emaw, thil standard tling lo emaw tan pawh hremna i dah tel bawk ang. Alternative supplier neih pawh a hlawk a, chuvangin i mamawh chuan back-up i nei bawk.

11. Exchange rate inthlak danglamna hmachhawn

Exchange rate inthlak danglamna hi importer anga i tawrh theih tur risk dang a ni. Ramdang pawisaa man thil i lei a ni mai thei a, chu chu exchange rate inthlak danglamna hian US dollar-a i pek tawp tur zat a nghawng thei tihna a ni.

Supplier man tlawm ber hi thil lakluhna atana hmachhawn tur supplier tha ber a ni hauh lo. Supplier hmingthang tak zawn a pawimawh zawk. I rintlak tak supplier i zawng duh a ni:

• i cash nen chuan zan khat thil thuah a bo lovang

• a hun takah a rawn deliver ang

• i thil siam tur tarlan leh quality beisei angin a pe ang

• harsatna emaw, tihkhawtlai emaw a awm chuan a hriattir zel ang che

• I supplier supplier ni thei tur customer list en turin zawt la, reference dil turin biak rawh. Company-ah credit check la, i theih chuan taksa lamah pawisa chu hmang rawh

• an tlawh a, an hmunhma, an plant leh an thil siam chhuah quality an enfiah thin. Site visit i ruahman thei lo a nih chuan i order i siam hmain samples tal insist hmasa phawt ang che.

12. Ram pawn lama supplier te nena inzawmna siam

Ram danga supplier-te nena inzawmna siamnaah hian zirlai zir tur sang tak a awm fo thin. Nangmah ṭawngkam inang hmang lo, i nunphung leh nunphung leh nunphung inang lote i biak pawh a ni thei. Local supplier nena inzawmna aiin inhriatthiam lohna leh inbiakpawhna dik lo awm theihna hi a sang zawk hle.

13. Sumdawnna thuthlung

Import order i sign hmain importer leh exporter-te hman trading terms i hriatthiam a ngai a, heng terms te hi an pahnih hian an hriatthiamna inang an nei tih i hriat chian a ngai bawk.

EX (ex-works emaw ex-factory, warehouse, emaw plantation), FAS (Free Alongside Ship), leh FOB (Free on Board) tih ang chi thumal hmanga inhriatthiamna neih chu a hmaa a lan angin a harsa lo. International Chamber of Commerce chuan sumdawnna thumal hrilhfiahna atan dan (standardized rules) a siam a, chu chu Incoterms tih a ni.

Tunah hian Incoterms 2010 hi hman a ni a, mahse revised edition, Incoterms 2020 chu kum 2020 atanga hman tan beisei a ni a, hei hi i bank-a international trade department emaw, freight forwarding agent emaw, i awmna hmuna Chamber of Commerce emaw chuan an pui thei tur che a ni.